Crystals found in alkaline urine
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Almost 5 types of crystals , are present in alkaline urine , they are :-
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- Triple phosphate crystals
- Calcium carbonate crystals
- Calcium phosphate crystals
- Amonium biurate crystals
- Amorpus phosphate crystals
Triple phosphate crystals
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These are also call as magnesium ammonium phosphate , which present as coffin lid shape.
These crystals commonly found in normal urine as well as in chronic cystitis , enlarge prostate gland and chronic pyelitis like conditions. They are soluble in acetic acid.
Calcium carbonate crystals
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Calcium carbonate crystals are different sized crystals that frequently appear as large spherical shape with radial striations.
They do not have clinical significance. Also it is soluble in acitic acid.
Calcium phosphate crystals
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They are long , thing , color less they appear as star-like,  needle-like or as a granular type. though they may also form plates.  Â
We can see these crystals in normal urine and stable in diluted acitic acid.
Ammonium biurate crystals
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They have regular spherical shape with spiky thorns .
When the urine is heating these crystals get dissolved .
Usually it is not found in fresh urine in healthy subject.
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Sometimes ammonium biurate crystals appear because the urine sample is old or has been poorly preserved.
Therefore, repeat a urine sample may be advised if these crystals appear.
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Amorphous phosphate crystals
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They are present as fine and granular forms and similar to amorphous urate which occur in acidic urine. Â These crystals derived from phosphate and most frequently observed crystals on alkaline urine. Â
They are often presence in large quantities.
Presence of amorphous phosphate have no clinical significance.
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