What are Neutrophils ?
Neutrophils are most common type of WBC in human body , making up 55 to 70 percent of your white blood cells.also consider as Major Granulocyte in blood.
These neutrophils are produced in bone marrow , and short lived.Also they are the predominant cells found in pus, accounting for its yellowish color.
Function
Neutrophils are really important to ,Protect the body against pyogenic bacterial infection.They are highly motile & They can move freely through the walls of veins and into the tissues of your body to immediately attack all antigens.
During the acute phase of inflammation, neutrophils are one of the first-responders of inflammatory cells to migrate towards the site of inflammation.
Morphology
Neutrophils Contain 3 to 5 segmented Nucleus & the separate lobes connected by chromatin.
The diamaeter Is about 12–15 micrometers (µm) in peripheral blood smears.
When stained, we can see fine purple colour granules in pink cytoplasm
Normal range
Normal range of neutrophil , in healthy adult human is, approximately 60-70% of total WBC ( it’s mean 2.5*109/L- 7.5*109/L of blood)
Why / when high-neutrophilia
Neutrophils count exceed normal range due to , Pathological conditions or Physiological conditions …
When we consider pathological conditions , examples are …
- Bacterial infections
- Inflammation & tissue necrosis
- CML
- Myeloproliferative disorders &
- Asplenia
Also , When we consider physiological conditions , neutrophil count go high due to …
- Hemolysis
- Acute hemorrhage &
- Drugs
Why / when low-neutropenia
Neutrophils count get lower number , compare to the normal range due to , Both Pathological conditions as well as Physiological conditions …
When we consider pathological conditions , examples are …
- Due to Some viral Infections( viral such as HIV, Hepatitis)
- Autoimmune disorders
- Congenital disease such as kostmann’s disease &
- And Cyclic neutropenia
Also when we consider physiological conditions , example is Drug induced neutropenia.
Special tests / other facts
Increase number of granules in neutrophils is called as toxic granulation, in which can be seen in bacterial infections and inflammation.
Hypersegmented neutrophils contain more than 5 lobes in nucleus which is distinctive feature in megaloblastic Anemia.
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